Sleep is fundamental to wellbeing, affecting health, sickness, life, death, mental function, productivity, and the wider economy. Insomnia, the commonest psychological disorder, affecting 40% of adults annually and 10% long-term, is poorly managed. Members of the Community and Health Research Unit (CaHRU) have led research into primary care of insomnia over the past two decades, working with major academic institutions (Oxford, Manchester, Glasgow, Ghent), service users, staff and healthcare organisations, locally, nationally and internationally. Using systematic reviews, observational and qualitative studies, quasi-experiments and trials, we have explored how primary care for sleep might be improved using psychological treatments, and what effect this is having on sleep, prescribing, and health outcomes. This has led to publication of two major randomised control trials in the past year showing benefits of psychological sleep treatment on prevention of mental health and daytime functioning. We also describe our ongoing work with Lincolnshire general practices on a major multi-centre trial, the Health professional Administered Brief Insomnia Therapy (HABIT) study, funded by National Institute for Health Research (£1.8M), investigating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of sleep restriction therapy in primary care. Prof Niro Siriwardena will be joined by Lincolnshire practice nurse Helen Todd, working on the HABIT trial.