With the professionalization of women’s football, training, and match demands have significantly increased in recent years (Datson et al., 20142017). The overall injury incidence is similar to male football, although the proportion of severe injuries has been shown to be higher in women’s football (Mufty et al., 2015Roos et al., 2017) which is associated with significant costs (Gebert et al., 2020). Female football players are reported to have 21% more absence due to injury compared to men, primarily due to greater incidence of severe knee and ankle ligament injuries, with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries occurring 2–8 times more often in female soccer players (Larruskain et al., 2018Lin et al., 2018).


University of Lincoln, College of Social Science

Dan Martin, University of Lincoln, School of Sport and Exercise Science

Kate Timmins, University of Lincoln, School of Sport and Exercise Science

Charlotte Cowie, The Football Association

Jon Alty, The Football Association

Ritan Mehta, The Football Association

Alicia Tang, The Football Association

Ian Varley, Nottingham Trent University, Department of Sport and Exercise Science